Two decades have elapsed since the Taliban appeared on the international scene, with Al-Qaeda having done so ten years later, while the heirs to violent Jihadism right now seem to consist mainly of the combatants in the self-proclaimed Islamic State. The predominance of Daesh in the media does not mean that the Taliban and Al-Qaeda remain on the sidelines, or that they are on a path to extinction. Their strategies and fighters are transforming in order to adapt to the today’s environment. Their tactics mutate as they gain or lose terrain, and their international interlocutors react to what they do. Syria, Iraq, Libya, Yemen, the Sahel and the Sinai Peninsula, but also Afghanistan and Pakistan, have all fallen prey to the fierce competition of these extremist groups, which take advantage of governments’ weakness to boost their own power. The victims of these non-state role-players’ violent extremism exist on every continent, and therefore it is essential for us to analyze these extremist groups’ latest movements.